The evaporation and rehydration processes occurring during a droplet’s lifetime produce rapid changes in the particles’ size that will affect most of the physicochemical properties of the biological aerosol (i.e. solute concentration, density, viscosity, temperature etc.). These dynamics could also impact the viability of the microbes contained within the bioaerosol droplets and will influence the length of time microorganisms survive during aerosol transport. To be presented is a novel approach to probe aerosols containing Escherichia coli MRE162 that can be extended to other microorganisms. It combines two different technologies to interconnect the complexity of aerosol dynamics with bioaerosol longevity as a function of time, environmental conditions and aerosol composition, aiming to fully understand the mechanisms of airborne transmission.